Marie Zimmermann
Marie Zimmerman was born in 1879 to Swiss immigrants in the United States. She decided to take metalsmithing classes at Pratt Institute and decided against her fathers wishes to master metalworking. Zimmerman became passionate about her craft working long days and mastering many different crafts. Her first job was at the arts and crafts exhibition at the Art Institute of Chicago from December 16, 1902 to January 10, 1903. Then by 1910 Zimmerman opened her own studio in the National Arts Club in New York. That studio ran until around 1937. In the studio she designed many different works of all kinds of mediums. Her metalwork was in a wide range of media (gold, silver, bronze, copper and iron) and spanned from jewelry to furniture and everything in between. She tended to focus on design and hired craftsman for the physical creation of her pieces and trained many of them herself. After moving the studio in 1937 to a new location she decided to close in 1940 to retire. She passed away in 1972, on her birthday, at 93.